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Polymorphism and Abstract Classes

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In this video, we will understand apply polymorphism with abstract classes in Python

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Use polymorphic functions for multiple object types

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Let's understand polymorphism

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Ever told a cat, a dog, a parrot, and even a tiger to speak

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And heard four different sounds means one command, many results

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That's called polymorphism

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And today, we'll also discover abstract classes

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Abstract class is a plan for animals

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It says every animal must have a method called speak

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But it doesn't say what sound to make

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The cat follows the abstract class and says

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I'll make a meow sound

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The dog class also follows the plan but says

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I'll make a woof sound, same method follows parrot and tiger

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Here's the code in action

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Dog and cat both have a speak method

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Dog says woof, cat says meow

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Same method name but different results

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That's polymorphism

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Abstract class

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Animal is an abstract class with a rule

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Every child must define speak

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Dog and cat follow the rule and give their own sound

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This ensures structure while still allowing different behavior