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Components of a robot In this video, we will learn to identify and

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describe robot components. Understand the role of software in robotics.

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Introduction to robot components. Have you ever wondered how a robot works?

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Every robot is made up of two main components, hardware and software.

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Let's start with the hardware, the physical parts that help a robot sense, move and function in the real world.

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Sensors.

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Robots use sensors to detect their surroundings and gather information.

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Some common sensors include ultrasonic sensors, these send out sound waves and measure how long they take to bounce back,

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helping robots calculate distances and avoid obstacles, such as in automated car parking systems that detect nearby objects for safe parking.

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Infrared sensors. These detect heat and objects nearby. Many robots use IR sensors to navigate without bumping into things,

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like automated vacuum cleaners that detect obstacles and adjust their path.

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Light sensors, like the light dependent resistor, LDR. These react to light changes, helping robots adjust to different lighting conditions.

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Actuators.

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Robots also have actuators. These are the parts that make them move and perform tasks.

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DC motors. These spin wheels and move robotic arms. They are commonly used in mobile robots, like electric wheelchairs,

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which use DC motors to drive wheels and enable movement.

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Servo motors. These provide precise movement control, perfect for robotic arms or humanoid robots that need to pick up objects or wave.

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Stepper motors. These moves in small controlled steps, making them ideal for applications like 3D printing, where precision is key.

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LED lights. LED lights are often used to show signals and alerts.

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Control unit and software. Microcontroller unit. MCU are the special hardware components that are equipped with processing power and controls other hardware, according to the programmed instructions.

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Robots need instructions to control these hardware components using software.

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Software tells the hardware what to do. With programming languages like Python and C++, robots can follow instructions, make decisions, and even learn.

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Robots work through a combination of hardware and software. Together, they enable robots to sense, move, and perform tasks intelligently.