WEBVTT

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Human activities significantly affect ecosystems in various ways.

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Three major activities include agriculture, urbanization, and deforestation.

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Agriculture, agriculture affects ecosystems through soil erosion, water pollution, and biodiversity loss.

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Intensive farming, such as overplowing, erodes top soil essential for plant growth.

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Runoff from fertilizers and pesticides contaminates water sources, harming aquatic life.

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Additionally, converting natural landscapes into farmland and practicing monoculture reduces wildlife habitats and biodiversity.

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These issues underscore the importance of adopting sustainable farming practices.

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Urbanization. Urbanization leads to habitat destruction, pollution, and fragmentation.

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Expanding cities destroy natural habitats and threaten species such as the Arabian leopard in the Riyadh region.

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Increase population density raises air and water pollution from cars, industries, and waste.

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Urban development also fragments ecosystems, isolating wildlife and limiting their movement and resources.

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Deforestation. Deforestation accelerates climate change by reducing carbon dioxide absorption as seen in the Amazon.

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It also causes species loss, threatening wildlife dependent on forests, and leads to soil degradation, impacting soil fertility and local agriculture.

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In conclusion, human actions like agriculture, urbanization, and deforestation disrupt ecosystems and reduce biodiversity.