WEBVTT

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Text and coding

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In this video, we will understand how computers represent text using and coding.

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Understand a SCII, extended forms and their limits.

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Explore Unicode and its global language support.

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Recognize applications and challenges of text and coding.

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Have you ever wondered how computers understand letters and numbers?

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Computers use text and coding, a system that turns characters into numbers.

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This helps them store, display and share information.

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The first widely used system was ASCII, American Standard Code for Information Interchange.

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ASCII maps a set of basic Western characters to numbers between 0 and 127,

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which means it can support 128 different characters.

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When you want to convert a string like hello to Aussie,

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you look up the relevant value for each character.

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Convert the value to binary and concatenate them all together to get the storage ready version.

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Each character becomes 8 bits or 1 byte of binary data.

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This is known as encoding the string for decoding.

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You do everything in reverse.

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Still, it wasn't enough for all languages.

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Unicode solve this problem.

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It supports over 143,000 characters for many languages.

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Unicode characters can be stored in different formats.

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In UTF-8, the character is stored using 1 to 4 bytes.

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In UTF-16, it takes 2 bytes.

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And in UTF-32, character always takes single byte.

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This is how computers balance memory use with global language support.